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Studies

Williams (1981): study GB 1981

Publication

Author(s):
Williams, D.G.
Title:
Personality and Mood: State-Trait Relationships.
Source:
Personality and Individual Differences, 1981, Vol. 2, 303 -309

Investigation

Public
University students, England, 1981
Sample
Non-probability accidental sample
Respondents
N = 33
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Daily self report of mood on 95 questions:

How I feel ….
Items from 18 mood scales concerning
A  depression
B  confusion
C  anxiety
D  tension-anxiety
E  aggression
F  skepticism
G  fatigue
H  guilt
I   shyness
J   concentration
K  general deactivation
L  affection
M  general activation
N  surgency
O  euphoria
P  elation
Q  wakefulness


Rated on a 100 mm open line scale ranging from 0  No, not at all to 1  Yes, extremely

Summation: first component in principal component analysis, average over all days
Classification:
A-ASA-md-mq-ol-10-a
Author's label:
General mood
Error estimates:
Average inter-day correlation: +. 39

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Personality and mood